Les Baux-de-Provence

We climbed to Les Baux in the kind of wind that the Alpilles are known for, the mistral shoving us sideways up the path, and understood immediately why this place was chosen as a fortress a thousand years ago: you can see the whole plain of the Crau from up here, the Camargue smudged into the haze beyond it, and no army was ever going to arrive as a surprise.

A citadel that never stopped being rock

The ruins of the Château des Baux occupy the entire spur of white limestone the village sits on, and the ruin is so thoroughly fused with the natural rock that in places you genuinely cannot tell where the medieval builders stopped carving and the mountain started. Trebuchets have been rebuilt on the ramparts for demonstrations, and staring down the sheer drop on the north side — where defenders reportedly threw prisoners rather than waste ammunition — it’s hard not to feel a little unsteady even with the modern railings.

The quarry that became a cathedral of light

Just below the village, an abandoned bauxite and limestone quarry has been converted into the Carrières de Lumières, a cave-like series of chambers where floor-to-ceiling projections turn the raw rock walls into a moving canvas — the year we went it was Klimt, gold leaf and mosaic patterns crawling up forty-foot stone faces to a soundtrack that made Lia tear up, which she will deny if asked directly. It sounds like a gimmick until you’re standing inside it.

When to go: Go early morning or at closing time to get the village without the day-trip buses from Avignon, which arrive in force by mid-morning. The Carrières de Lumières changes its exhibition roughly every year, so check what’s showing before you plan around it.